A complete overview of the main groups of medications used in the treatment of hemorrhoids

Styptic suppositories for hemorrhoids

In the treatment of bleeding hemorrhoids, adrenaline-based suppositories are effective. They have a vasoconstrictor effect and accelerate blood clotting.

Drugs with adrenaline are not used for:

• hypertension;
• diabetes mellitus;
• atherosclerosis;
• heart rhythm disturbances.

They are not prescribed during pregnancy, since severe vasospasm can lead to placental abruption, excessive uterine tone, and miscarriage.

An overdose of suppositories containing adrenaline causes vomiting, a feeling of fear, severe pallor, dizziness, and increased blood pressure. Among the serious complications of using adrenaline suppositories:

• ventricular fibrillation;
• pulmonary edema;
• stroke;
• heart attack;
• kidney failure.

In the treatment of bleeding hemorrhoids, suppositories with methyluracil are used. They relieve inflammation, activate local metabolism, and accelerate healing. This restores nutrition and blood circulation processes, improves the condition of the rectal veins.

To quickly stop bleeding, thrombin suppositories are prescribed, which accelerate blood clotting and have a venosclerotic effect.

In the combined treatment of bleeding hemorrhoids, homeopathic rectal suppositories with propolis are used (for example, Propolis DN). They relieve inflammation, reduce itching and burning, pain, help reduce swelling, heal cracks in the mucosa, which prevents further bleeding of hemorrhoidal cones.

Prolonged anal bleeding provokes weakness, decreased performance, and anemia. Massive blood loss leads to a sharp decrease in blood pressure and serious disorders of the cardiovascular system, which requires immediate treatment.

Among hemostatic (hemostatic) drugs, suppositories are also used:

• Natalsid. The product contains a polysaccharide - sodium alginate, which is obtained by processing seaweed. The drug has a hemostatic effect, regulates intestinal motility, relieves pain, and relieves inflammation. Natalsid is used for chronic hemorrhoids and anal fissures.
• Relief. The suppositories provide a vasoconstrictor effect, reduce itching and swelling, and the shark liver oil contained in the drug has a regenerative effect. Relief is used for anal fissures, internal and external hemorrhoids, symptomatic treatment of pain, anal itching in diseases of the rectal area.
• Relief ultra-suppositories have an immunomodulatory, regenerative effect due to the content of shark liver oil. They provide a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, constrict blood vessels due to the presence of the steroid hormone prednisolone. The drug is contraindicated in pregnancy, severe diabetes, tuberculosis, intestinal tumors, bacterial and fungal diseases of the rectum.

Antispasmodics – drugs for the treatment of hemorrhoids

Antispasmodics. They are included in pharmaceutical preparations for the treatment of hemorrhoids because they relieve spasms of smooth muscles, which in turn relieves pain. The most popular natural antispasmodic agent is belladonna extract, which is included in various rectal suppositories as a main or auxiliary component.

Belladonna extract

(10 suppositories, approx. 30 rubles) is prescribed for both hemorrhoids and anal fissures. Along with antispasmodic and analgesic effects, it has an anti-inflammatory effect.

Vishnevsky ointment

Of course, this medicine was not created specifically as a medicinal composition for the treatment of hemorrhoids, but, nevertheless, it is also used in the treatment of hemorrhoidal disease. But, it is worth noting that, given the considerable number of more advanced drugs, Vishnevsky ointment is taken less and less often (although there are patients who tend to trust “old and proven means”, and this argument may determine the choice of just such a medicine).

Why ointment can help:

1. Swelling of the anal area decreases, tissue healing accelerates, pain decreases during exacerbation of the disease;
2. The components of the ointment fight inflammatory signs and have antiseptic qualities;
3. The composition enhances the regenerative process and removal of pus from wound surfaces;
4. Treatment directly with balsamic liniment is not burdened with contraindications and does not cause negative reactions.

The composition of Vishnevsky's ointment is very simple and clear - the antiseptic Xeroform, as well as castor oil and birch tar.

If you use the composition correctly, you will definitely find a healing effect. Three days before the start of the main treatment, apply lotions with manganese solution to the inflamed external cones of hemorrhoids.

After three days, you can use the ointment itself. A strip of sterile fabric is impregnated with a medicinal composition and applied to the affected area. The compress is firmly secured with an elastic bandage and kept for about 2 days, remembering to change the strips every half day.

You can do it differently: apply a compress in the morning/afternoon/evening for one and a half to two hours. Over a given period of time, the nodes will subside, as will the inflammation itself. Remember that the pharmaceutical drug is not burdened with contraindications, therefore, it can also be used in the treatment of hemorrhoids in expectant mothers. Women during the lactation period, including, can treat the disease with Vishnevsky ointment. But remember that there is a more modern, targeted alternative to this medicine.

Hormonal agents

These are the most effective and inexpensive ointments for external hemorrhoids. They contain steroid hormones, so they can only be used as prescribed by a doctor and for a short time. But such drugs relieve itching, pain, inflammation and swelling well. They are used in severe cases, usually as part of complex treatment. The disadvantages include the presence of a large number of contraindications, a high risk of side effects or addiction. You can use hormonal drugs only for a few days in a strictly defined dosage.

There are several most common drugs:

Methyluracil ointment

The proctologist prescribes this ointment to quickly relieve the symptoms of acute hemorrhoids, prevent rectal bleeding, and heal anal canal fissures. A person diagnosed with hemorrhoidal disease has reduced immunity - the cells of the affected tissues are restored slowly. Methyluracil ointment helps restore local immunity, thus, the healing process goes much faster.

When is methyluracil ointment prescribed:

• For chronic illness;
• With an aggravated illness;
• When inflamed cones fall out;
• For existing anal fissures;
• To eliminate pain and burning caused by the disease.

Methyluracil is known as a regenerant and reparant. The substance quite quickly relieves pain, swelling, and works as an anabolic. The ointment quickly restores the integrity of the skin and mucous membranes, removes irritation in the anal area. The composition also copes with intestinal infections, improves tissue trophism, and restores vascular tone. Congestion in the pelvic area is eliminated. The active components of the product begin to work for the benefit of your health after the first application of the composition.

Ointment Posterizan

The medication Posterizan is a German pharmacological product that is sold both as an ointment and as suppository inserts. The main active components of the ointment are antigens, as well as metabolites of the cell walls of certain Escherichia coli. The composition contains killed microorganisms of one of the types of E. coli, which in small quantities are not harmful to the body. They are designed to provoke the necessary immune response.

In addition to this component, Posterizan contains:

1. Lanolin is a wax that is formed when sheep's wool is boiled and is a basic product.
2. Vaseline is a combination of hard paraffins and mineral oil. It is distinguished by its protective qualities, mild laxative effect and softening properties.
3. Paraffin is a wax-like mixture that is used to make Vaseline. Gives a compression effect, as it can narrow the capillaries.
4. Phenol is an organic compound with aromatic characteristics; it is used in the preparation as a preservative (that is, a substance that increases shelf life).

Upon penetration into the affected area, the components of Posterizan cause an immune response in the body. The body regards the main therapeutic component as an antigen - that is, a foreign and possibly dangerous substance. There is an activation of protective antibodies that destroy E. coli and then calmly cope with pathogenic organisms.

What is also useful and effective about Posterizan is its ability to increase the phagocytic activity of white blood cells - they capture and destroy, remove the most dangerous microbes from the body. Posterisan also tones the vascular network, which allows the veins to no longer stretch or expand.

Venotonic, venoprotective and venosclerosing drugs for the treatment of hemorrhoids

The action of drugs in this group is aimed at increasing the tone of the smooth muscles of the veins, preventing impaired blood microcirculation, normalizing capillary permeability, increasing the density of the vascular wall, etc. The active component here can be bioflavonoids (Diosmin, Hesperidin, Rutin (Rutoside), Troxerutin (Troxevasin)), plant extracts (Ginkgo Biloba extract), or synthetic substances (Heptaminol, Glivenol).

Troxevasin

is the trade name of the drug Troxerutin, which is also its main active ingredient. Available in the form of a gel for external use (40 g, approx. 120 rub.), or capsules (50 pcs., approx. 200 rub.). The medicine has P-vitamin activity and is recommended for both the initial and late stages of hemorrhoids.

Ginkgo Biloba Extract

(30 tablets, approx. 900 rub.) is obtained from the leaves of the Ginkgo Biloba plant. This is more of a biologically active food supplement and is best used as a preventative or adjuvant to the main treatment. With regular use of the extract, blood circulation improves, blood vessels become stronger and more elastic, and inflammatory processes are reduced.

Procto-Glyvenol

– an over-the-counter pharmaceutical product available in two forms: cream (30 g, approx. 300 rubles) and suppositories (10 pcs., approx. 350 rubles).
The drug reduces the severity of the characteristic symptoms of hemorrhoids (itching, pain, pain, skin tension), while simultaneously providing an anti-inflammatory and local anesthetic effect.

Hirudoproct ointment

It is more correct to call Hirudoproct a gel; it is a water-based product, it contains an extract of medicinal leech (this is easy to guess from the name of the medicine). In addition, the composition contains horse chestnut, as well as sea buckthorn extract, methyluracil and excipients.

The gel is applied to the perianal area after completion of hygiene procedures. The number of manipulations reaches 5 times a day, always before bedtime and exclusively after bowel movements or cleansing the intestines in another way. Tolerability of Hirudoproct is, as a rule, quite good. Negative reactions are rare. It is extremely rare that there is some redness in the application area, but the very next day it disappears on its own.

Contraindications to Gerudoproct therapy include high sensitivity to the elements of the composition, gestation and lactation period, as well as childhood. The gel is not applied to wounds, ulcerative lesions and mucous membranes. Applying a gel-like composition should not involve rubbing it into the skin.

Troxevasin ointment

The pharmaceutical drug Troxevasin has a venoprotective effect; it also has a good effect on capillaries. As a result, the wall of the venous network of the rectal canal will be stronger and more elastic. During this effect, blood flow from the affected nodes improves and they become smaller.

Troxevasin ointment:

1. Removes itching and burning;
2. Removes swelling;
3. Thins the blood;
4. Blocks the production of inflammatory fluid - caustic mucus that causes tissue irritation.

Troxevasin is not recommended for use in patients with diagnosed peptic ulcers, acute gastritis and other diseases with a risk of bleeding. Take Troxevasin with caution in case of renal failure.

Proctosedyl ointment

This drug is hormonal, its action is based on the work of hydrocortisone, which is supported by other components of the drug.

The main active ingredients of Proctosedyl:

1. Hydrocortisone. Relieves the symptoms of an acute disease, works combinatorially - removes signs of inflammation, relieves severe pain, relieves swelling in the perianal area.
2. Esculoside. Affects blood vessels (including small ones). Increases the elasticity and flexibility of the venous plexuses and capillaries, this reduces the risk of bleeding and blocks bleeding that has already begun.
3. Ethylaminobenzoate, butylaminobenzoate. These components work as antispasmodics, which eliminate painful and uncomfortable phenomena. This is especially important when there is a threat of blood clots.

The course of therapy is prescribed by a coloproctologist, usually the course does not exceed a week, since it is still a hormonal drug. Long-term exposure will cause undesirable reactions.

Proctosedil is contraindicated for all allergy sufferers, pregnant women, lactating women, patients with viral and fungal pathologies, and children under 14 years of age.

Effect of drugs

General medications

An effective systemic treatment for hemorrhoids can cure several symptoms of the disease at once. The group of general drugs includes angioprotective agents, venotonics and analgesic medications. It is important to take pills for hemorrhoids correctly and use ointments to avoid side effects in the future. Before first use, you should consult your doctor.

Antihemorrhoidal drugs are used at all stages of the disease and include both local agents and modern systemic drugs.

Antihemorrhoidal topical agents

Locally acting drugs will quickly relieve unpleasant symptoms.
Fast-acting medicine for women and men - all kinds of ointments, cream products, gels, sprays, the basic function of which is to provide immediate results. Such medications are effective in treating chronic attacks of hemorrhoids and anal fissures. Both single-component products, which contain one main element, and also combined products help to cure the problem. The active ingredients ensure rapid entry of the substance into the mucous membrane, which facilitates the manifestation of hemorrhoids.

Candles (local)

Antihemorrhoidal drugs are aimed at mitigating the course of the disease and eliminating complications if possible. Therefore, it is difficult to imagine a better medicine to cure hemorrhoids than rectal sea buckthorn suppositories. The list of drugs, which includes both well-known names and new products, includes:

• "Proctosan";
• "Relief";
• "Procto-Glyvenol."

Ointments (local)

When choosing a reliable, inexpensive, but powerful medicine for hemorrhoids, it is important to look not at the name, but at the composition and active ingredients. For each stage of the disease, the doctor selects the appropriate treatment option. As a rule, if the remedy is excellent, the drug is available in several forms, and the patient or doctor decides which use is best suited for it. In cases where it is impossible to insert suppositories, the best option is to use an alternative topical ointment. A popular medicine is called “Relief”, “Hepatrombin”, “Troxevasin” or “Proctosedyl”.

Procto-Glyvenol ointment

An ointment or rectal cream with this name can boast of a truly serious anti-hemorrhoidal effect. One hundred grams of ointment contains 5 g of tribenozide (or glivenol) and 2 g of lidocaine. Liquid paraffin, liquid sorbitol, cetyl alcohol, also used in cosmetology, stearic acid and isopropyl palmitate act as complementary agents in this medicine.

The ointment is a dense, one-type mixture of white color, distinguished by an unusual aroma.

Works great as an anti-inflammatory medicine, anesthetizing the affected area, removing itching and other uncomfortable reactions. Creamy inclusions strengthen veins and also reduce vascular permeability. Of course, there are contraindications, as well as negative effects, so you should be advised by a specialist in the selection of medications for treating the disease. And this applies not only to Procto-Glivenol.

The most popular ointments for hemorrhoids

A qualified specialist should select a remedy for the treatment of the disease in accordance with the severity of hemorrhoids and the patient’s condition. We list below cheap and effective painkillers and anti-inflammatory ointments for hemorrhoids.

1. Heparin (based on heparin) perfectly stops bleeding and can be used in the treatment of both external and internal hemorrhoids. The drug relieves inflammation, helps reduce and resolve blood clots, constrict veins and enhances local blood flow.
2. Proctosedyl ointment is applicable for the treatment of hemorrhoids of all forms, helping even at a late stage for pain relief. The product contains heparin, hydrocortisone and framycetin, due to which it has a complex effect on hemorrhoids: relieves swelling, pain, itching, burning, reduces local inflammation and stops bleeding.
3. Ointments from: Relief Advance, Relief Ultra. The preparations contain shark oil, produced from the liver of the animal, and perfectly heal cracks, inflammation, reduce tissue swelling and itching.
4. Hepatrombin G includes two highly effective active components: heparin (dilutes and eliminates blood clots in the veins, accelerates local blood flow, relieves swelling) and allantoin (has an anti-inflammatory effect and activates cellular processes).
5. Methyluracil ointment treats both internal and external hemorrhoids. The product stimulates the immunity of local tissues, accelerates cell division and relieves inflammation.
6. Bezornil has a complex effect on hemorrhoids, significantly alleviating or completely eliminating the symptoms of the disease: it eliminates swelling, gives an antiseptic effect, relieves pain and eliminates itching in the anal area, and accelerates tissue regeneration.
7. Posterizan ointment, in addition to the classic components of the drug for hemorrhoids, also contains cortisol. It has an antihistamine effect, and also reduces inflammation, swelling and eliminates pain in the anal area.
8. Aurobin copes well with the main symptoms of the disease and contains lidocaine, prednisolone, dexpanthenol and triclosan (a local antibiotic). The product increases the tone of blood vessels and veins, perfectly resolves blood clots and accelerates local blood flow.
9. Troxevasin ointment is indicated for the treatment of external hemorrhoids. The drug perfectly promotes the resorption of blood clots and eliminates swelling, makes vascular walls more elastic, increasing their resistance to expansion and thrombosis. Troxevasin helps eliminate constipation and facilitate bowel movements.
10. Proctosan (contains bismuth, lidocaine, bufexamak) heals cracks, has an antibacterial and anti-edematous effect, eliminates or relieves pain.
11. Levomekol contains chloramphenicol (a strong antibiotic that acts on many microorganisms), thanks to which the healing of wounds and cracks in the rectum occurs quickly and without complications in the form of a bacterial infection.

How to use antihemorrhoidal ointment

If hemorrhoids are external, then the nodes are located, respectively, outside. They can be seen under the skin around the anal ring. If hemorrhoids are in an advanced stage, the nodes extend beyond the boundaries of the anus and sometimes cannot be retracted. Ointments are used as a local external remedy to correct the pathological condition.

Ointment applications are usually done 2, sometimes 3 times a day. Always apply the product after previously performed hygienic actions. You should not use the medicine if you plan to have a bowel movement in the near future.

It must be said that ointments are used not only externally. In the first stages of the disease, they are administered with a special, very convenient applicator. Sometimes you simply squeeze the ointment onto your finger and lubricate the anal canal with it. Or a tampon is impregnated with the medicinal composition and inserted into the rectal canal. It must be said that ointment is no exception to pharmaceuticals: it can also cause side effects. If you have any of these, then you need to change the medicine (this is done by the doctor).

Coagulants, hemostatics – drugs for the treatment of hemorrhoids

Coagulants, hemostatics. Drugs that increase blood clotting and are intended to stop bleeding. The substance sodium alginate (salt of alginic acid) has a similar effect. Preparations based on coagulants are intended for patients with chronic bleeding hemorrhoids.

Natalsid

(10 suppositories, approx. 250 rubles) - available with a doctor's prescription. It has a pronounced hemostatic effect, relieves inflammation and stops bleeding during the course. The active substance is sodium alginate, extracted from brown seaweed and promotes tissue regeneration and wound healing.

Ointments for hemorrhoids for pregnant women

The risk of varicose veins around the anus (and not only) increases many times during pregnancy and during labor. Pregnant women are not always allowed to use medications due to their possible negative impact on the unborn baby. We list the ointments for hemorrhoids that are allowed to be used during pregnancy:

• Heparin ointment;
• ointments;
• Vishnevsky ointment (antibacterial and wound-healing effects);
• Ichthyol ointment.

These drugs have virtually no contraindications and can be used in all trimesters of pregnancy.

Attention! Before starting treatment, be sure to consult a doctor!

Levomekol ointment

This composition is used in medicine to correct conditions that lead to purulent discharge. But even with hemorrhoids, this composition can be useful.

Levomekol is distinguished by pronounced bactericidal characteristics. The fact is that hemorrhoids can lead to a bacterial infection: this is explained simply - feces (and the intestines itself) are distinguished by a considerable amount of bacteria, which, if they come into contact with hemorrhoidal cones, can cause an infection.

The Levomekol formula contains an antibiotic called chloramphenicol. It acts on a huge number of types of bacteria. The medicine acts locally, which reduces the toxic effect of the antibiotic on the body. Therefore, you can use the ointment longer than the same antibiotic taken orally.

Actions of this product:

• Healing characteristics - wounds heal quickly, the threat of complications is seriously reduced;
• Adsorbent properties – cleanses wounds from decay products, which reduces the threat of complications in the form of local intoxication;
• Dehydrating properties - polyethylene oxide has a drying effect, as a result of which tissue regeneration proceeds faster, therefore Levomekol heals weeping hemorrhoids quite well;
• Anti-inflammatory properties - the ointment removes swelling, eliminates negative sensations in the anal area, and removes skin hyperemia.

An allergic reaction to Levomekol is also possible. Therefore, before using the ointment, do a small test: just a small amount of the composition should be applied to the inside of the elbow. After a few minutes, evaluate the result: if there is no itching or redness, feel free to use the medicine. But still try to use any remedy after consultation with a proctologist.