One of the popular non-narcotic analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are acetylsalicylic acid tablets. The drug has an antipyretic and antiplatelet effect (prevents platelet aggregation, prevents thrombus formation).
The drug has been used in medicine for a long time, is well studied and recognized as a vital medicine. It was patented and marketed under the name Aspirin from the German pharmaceutical company.
Aspirin is found in products of plant origin: apples, gooseberries, currants, cherries, raspberries, cranberries, grapes, sweet peppers and many others.
Release forms and composition
Release form: tablets. They can be coated, uncoated, enteric-coated, effervescent, or for children. Packed in blister packs and cardboard boxes.
The active ingredient of the drug is Acidum acetylsalicylicum.
The tablets are white, flat, cylindrical, beveled for easy swallowing and scored on one side.
Tablets can be coated, uncoated, enteric-coated, effervescent, or for children.
Reviews from patients
Reviews about the use of Acetylsalicylic acid are positive. Patients rarely report adverse reactions. Most often, when treated incorrectly with medication, they develop ulcers and bronchitis. Doctors usually associate their appearance with a violation of instructions. Doctors emphasize that Acetylsalicylic acid cannot be used without a doctor's prescription.
- Diana, 35 years old. I take acetylsalicylic acid when the first signs of a cold appear and the temperature rises, as well as during hypothermia. In addition, the medicine quickly relieves pain. That's why I always keep it in my first aid kit.
- Alexey, 40 years old. I was prescribed acetylsalicylic acid after a heart attack. I was prescribed to drink it every day. At first I felt discomfort in my stomach. After consulting with a doctor, I realized that I was taking the medicine incorrectly. To avoid side effects, you need to take it after meals. Following this recommendation, I felt much better. The pain in the heart does not bother me, the headaches are much less frequent.
- Lyudmila, 42 years old. I consider acetylsalicylic acid to be the best remedy for colds. I'm glad that it is sold without a prescription and at a low price. I drink it as a preventive measure when I feel an illness approaching. The medicine also helps with pain in the back or head. Just a few tablets are enough to relieve unpleasant symptoms. Personally, I had no side effects. I consider the information that has been spreading recently about the dangers of the drug to be fiction.
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Mechanism of action
Aspirin inhibits the synthesis of thromboxane A2, reduces platelet aggregation and their ability to form blood clots. This effect persists after a single dose for a week.
Pharmacokinetics
The drug has high bioavailability: the active substance is almost completely absorbed. The half-life is about 20 minutes. The maximum concentration in the blood occurs after two hours. Penetrates the placenta and enters breast milk. Salicylates are present in fluids (cerebrospinal, synovial, peritoneal), in small quantities in brain tissue, traces are found in bile, feces, and sweat.
Metabolism of ASA occurs in the liver, where four metabolites are formed by hydrolysis. Excreted through the kidneys unchanged (60%) and in the form of metabolites (40%).
The drug is excreted through the kidneys unchanged (60%) and in the form of metabolites (40%).
pharmachologic effect
The drug prevents the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are involved in inflammatory processes and contribute to the appearance of pain and fever. As a result of a significant decrease in the amount of prostaglandins, blood vessels dilate, which promotes increased sweating. So the drug has an antipyretic effect.
When using the medication, the nerve endings become less sensitive to pain. The medicine is taken orally, the maximum level of the active substance in the blood is achieved in a short time - after 10-20 minutes. The level of salicylate resulting from metabolism increases within two hours. The components of the drug are excreted by the kidneys. Partial elimination occurs 20 minutes after taking the drug; salicylate is partially removed from the body after 2 hours.
What does it help with?
ASA helps with different types of pain: headache, joint, dental, muscle, menstrual. The drug is used to treat febrile conditions, inflammatory processes, strokes, heart attacks, to prevent the development of oncological diseases, during the period of resuscitation after surgical interventions to prevent the formation of blood clots.
Indications:
- Cardiac ischemia.
- Unstable angina.
- Presence of risk factors for the development of coronary heart disease.
- Rheumatoid arthritis.
- Arrhythmias.
- Heart defects.
- Myocardial infarction.
- Ischemic stroke.
- Prosthetic heart valves.
- Mitral valve prolapse.
- Kawasaki disease.
- Takayasu arteritis.
- Pericarditis.
- TELA.
- Pulmonary infarction.
- Acute thrombophlebitis.
- Progressive systemic sclerosis.
- Feverish state in infectious diseases.
- Lumbago.
- Neuralgia.
- Headache due to intracranial pressure.
How to get rid of acne
The drug helps get rid of acne. It acts quickly and is one of the most effective remedies. Acetylsalicylic acid, when used on the face, destroys bacteria, which helps stop the inflammatory process and dry the skin. For treatment, the tablet must be dissolved in water and the liquid used for wiping. The solution is applied pointwise, directly to pimples.
More interesting things
A hypertonic solution - salt and water - is practically a panacea for many diseases!
Masks
- A face mask with honey promotes healthy skin. For 3-4 tablets, honey and water in the amount of 1 tsp are required. and 5 drops respectively. A paste is prepared from these components and applied for a quarter of an hour. The remaining product is washed off with warm water.
- A mask with acetylsalicylic acid for acne may also contain other ingredients, for example, black clay. The component is prepared in the amount of several tablespoons, diluted with water to obtain a homogeneous mass. Then the last and main ingredient is added - Acetylsalicylic acid in powder form (1 tablet per 1 tablespoon of clay). Cover the face with the prepared gruel for 20 minutes, then wash off with cool water.
If you decide to use acetylsalicylic acid to fight acne, do not forget that the courses should be short, otherwise you can dry out the skin. If you have dry skin, be careful when choosing this acne treatment method.
Acetylsalicylic acid is suitable for the face in cases where the skin is oily
Before using masks, make sure that the body's reaction to the effects of the components is normal. Otherwise there is a risk of irritation. When searching for a product with acetylsalicylic acid for acne, reviews will help you make the most correct choice.
Contraindications
- High sensitivity to the active substance or additional components of the drug.
- Exacerbation of peptic ulcers of the digestive system.
- Severe pathologies of the kidneys and liver.
- Hemorrhagic diathesis: telangiectasia, increased bleeding.
- Heart failure.
- Bronchial asthma caused by NSAIDs and salicylates.
- Hyperuricemia.
- Vitamin K deficiency.
- Hypoprothrombinemia.
- Aortic dissection.
- Thrombocytopenic purpura.
- Thrombocytopenia.
- Gestation (first and third trimesters).
- Lactation (breastfeeding should be stopped during aspirin treatment).
- Taking Methotrexate at a dose of 15 mg per week.
- Children under 6 years old.
- For children under 15 years of age for the treatment of ARVI.
Contraindications include pregnancy.
Carefully
Caution should be exercised in the second trimester of pregnancy, when taken simultaneously with anticoagulants and methotrexate, and in the presence of the following diseases:
- gastrointestinal ulcers;
- gout;
- renal and liver failure;
- episodes of bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract;
- allergies to medications;
- asthma;
- nasal polyps;
- hay fever;
- COPD;
- lack of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
Contraindications and side effects
Taking ASA negatively affects the functioning of the digestive system, since the drug has an irritating effect on the gastric mucosa. The most common negative manifestations are nausea, cramping abdominal pain, stool upset, and allergic reactions. Sometimes patients are diagnosed with anorexia, kidney or liver failure, erosions and ulcers of the digestive tract, and the level of platelets in the blood decreases.
With long-term treatment with Aspirin, vision and hearing may temporarily deteriorate, and migraine attacks and dizziness are common. Some patients have decreased blood clotting, which can cause severe bleeding.
Contraindications:
- aspirin asthma;
- exacerbation of diseases of the digestive system, in which erosive and ulcerative lesions are observed;
- internal bleeding, hemophilia and other blood clotting pathologies;
- vitamin K deficiency;
- increased blood pressure in the portal vein;
- aortic dissection;
- gout, gouty arthritis.
Taking Aspirin if you have asthma is prohibited.
During treatment with Aspirin, it is necessary to include in the diet foods that neutralize the negative effects of acid on the stomach - egg whites, sweet juices, meat, white flour breads, hard cheeses, marinated vegetables.
How to take acetylsalicylic acid
ASA tablets are intended for oral administration.
Dosage for adults and children over 12 years of age: from 500 mg to 1 g at a time, but not more than 3 g per day. You can drink 3 times a day, the interval between doses is at least 4 hours.
The drug can be taken 3 times a day.
Children from 6 to 12 years old are allowed to drink no more than 1/2 tablet (250 mg) at a time. The optimal dose is 100-150 mg. The number of appointments per day is from 4 to 6.
Course of treatment without a doctor's prescription:
- for fever - up to 3 days;
- for pain relief - up to 7 days.
Taking the drug for diabetes mellitus
For diabetes (especially type 2), doctors recommend taking Aspirin in small doses to prevent cardiovascular complications.
Tips for use
It is not recommended to give any antipyretics several times a day. By temperature we judge a person's condition. And such constant suppression of heat creates a false picture. Medicines should be taken only if the body requires it. Be sure to follow the instructions when doing this.
Never lower the temperature if it is below 38 degrees. This condition simply means that the body is successfully fighting the infection.
If the fever is very high (stays above 38 for a long time), then this means difficult heat transfer. This condition can be dangerous. Then you should wipe your body with water. If necessary, the doctor prescribes injections of medications that reduce the blood’s ability to form blood clots.
It is not advisable to take antipyretics together with antibacterial agents. In this case, it is more difficult to say how well the recovery is going.
Antibiotics may be given for bacterial infections. Viral diseases are treated with other means. The doctor will determine what kind of infection the child has and how to treat it.
Side effects of acetylsalicylic acid
From the blood coagulation system
The blood clots slowly. It is possible to develop hemorrhagic syndrome: bleeding from the gums and nose.
From the blood coagulation system, nosebleeds are possible.
Gastrointestinal tract
Many side effects may occur from the gastrointestinal tract:
- abdominal pain;
- nausea, vomiting;
- poor appetite;
- heartburn;
- blood in vomit, black feces;
- bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract;
- diarrhea;
- deterioration of liver function;
- peptic ulcer.
Blood-forming organs
There is a risk of developing thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and anemia.
central nervous system
With prolonged use, headaches appear, vision and hearing impairment are observed, and meningitis develops. In case of an overdose, tinnitus and dizziness occur.
From the urinary system
Kidney function deteriorates, the level of creatinine in the blood increases, hypercalcemia, nephrotic syndrome, renal failure, and edema develop.
Allergies
Skin rash and itching appear, there is a risk of developing bronchospasm, Quincke's edema and anaphylactic shock.
Impact on the ability to operate machinery
It is believed that ASA does not in any way affect the ability to drive vehicles and other mechanisms that require high concentration.
It is believed that ASA does not in any way affect the ability to drive vehicles and other mechanisms.
What drugs is it not used with?
It is strictly forbidden to combine Methotrexate therapy with salicylates. At the same time, the toxic effect of the cytostatic on the blood increases significantly. In addition, the combination of ASA with the following drugs is not recommended:
- "Ibuprofen";
- "Valproic acid";
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors;
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors;
- Systemic glucocorticosteroids (except Hydrocortisone);
- Diuretics;
- Uricosuric drugs;
- Oral agents for the treatment of diabetes (sulfonylureas);
- "Digoxin";
- Anticoagulants (“Heparin”).
The use of acetylsalicylic acid with other anti-inflammatory drugs mutually enhances an already similar effect. Unfortunately, this also applies to side effects - the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding critically increases.
special instructions
ASA promotes the development of bleeding. This must be taken into account when preparing for surgical interventions, including tooth extraction, and the surgeon must be warned. It is recommended to discontinue the drug one week before surgery to prevent bleeding during and after surgery.
Use in old age
Doctors recommend taking Aspirin in small doses under medical supervision for people over 60 years of age to prevent cardiovascular diseases: strokes, heart attacks, blood clots.
Prescription for children
Children are not prescribed Aspirin for fevers caused by viral respiratory infections due to the risk of developing life-threatening Reye's syndrome, which is characterized by fatty liver degeneration, encephalopathy, and acute liver failure.
Children are not prescribed Aspirin for fevers due to the risk of developing life-threatening Reye's syndrome.
Use during pregnancy and lactation
In the first trimester, taking ASA can lead to the development of abnormalities in the fetus; in the third, it can slow down labor, lead to pulmonary vascular hyperplasia, and premature closure of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus.
Aspirin passes into breast milk and causes the baby to bleed.
Use for renal impairment
ASA impairs the removal of uric acid from the body. Patients with elevated levels of uric acid in the blood and urine, kidney disease and those suffering from gout are not recommended to take Aspirin.
Use for liver dysfunction
Should be used with caution in case of liver dysfunction and is contraindicated in liver failure.
It is necessary to take tablets with caution if liver function is impaired.
conclusions
Giving acetylsalicylic acid to children is allowed only in extreme cases, when there is an urgent need to bring down the temperature, and there are no alternative remedies at hand. Before taking it, you must read the instructions and find out possible contraindications. In no case should the drug be used by children under 15 years of age with a fever of viral origin, as this can cause a fatal complication. The safest substitutes for Aspirin are Paracetamol and Ibuprofen.
The following sources of information were used to prepare the material.
Source cardiograf.com
Acetylsalicylic acid, or simply “Aspirin,” is the drug that is in absolutely every first aid kit. It was used for treatment by our grandmothers and parents.
Let's look at the information about the medication in more detail. In addition, we will find out whether it is possible to give Aspirin to a child from one year old and whether the drug has side effects.
Overdose of acetylsalicylic acid
Overdose is possible with a single dose taken too high or with long-term therapy with Aspirin. Signs of a mild overdose:
- sensation of tinnitus;
- weakness;
- vomiting, nausea;
- hearing impairment;
- dizziness;
- confusion;
- headache.
In severe cases of poisoning, the following manifestations are possible:
- convulsions;
- fever;
- coma;
- shock;
- drop in blood sugar;
- renal and pulmonary failure;
- stupor;
- dehydration;
- pulmonary edema.
In case of severe intoxication, it is necessary to urgently call an ambulance.
A sign of a mild aspirin overdose may be a headache.
Interaction with other drugs
When used simultaneously with other medications, the following effects are possible:
- Heparin and other anticoagulants - damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa, risk of bleeding.
- Methotrexate - increased toxicity of Methotrexate.
- Other NSAIDs - risk of gastric bleeding and development of ulcers.
- Glucocorticosteroids (except hydrocortisone) - reducing the content of salicylates in the blood.
- Narcotic painkillers, indirect anticoagulants, sulfonamides - the effect of these drugs is enhanced.
- Diuretics, antihypertensive drugs - their effectiveness decreases.
- Valproic acid - its toxicity increases.
- Hypoglycemic agents - their effect is enhanced.
- ACE inhibitors - the antihypertensive effect is suppressed.
- Paracetamol - side effects increase and the load on the kidneys and liver increases.
- Digoxin - digoxin concentration increases.
- Barbiturates - the concentration of lithium salts in the blood plasma increases.
- Benzromarone - uricosuria is reduced.
Aspirin and alcohol
It is important to know how to take medicine so as not to harm your body.
Are acetylsalicylic acid and alcohol compatible?
With their simultaneous use, the mucous membrane of the digestive tract is irritated, which can provoke the development of allergies, the appearance of ulcers and intragastric bleeding, the occurrence of a stroke, a heart attack. Possible death.
You should take the medicine before drinking alcohol. Using it a day in advance will reduce the severity of your hangover.
Conditions for dispensing from a pharmacy
Available freely in pharmacies.
Can I buy it without a prescription?
A prescription is not required to purchase Aspirin.
Price for acetylsalicylic acid
The cost depends on the manufacturer and the number of tablets in the package. Average price is:
- 10 pieces, 0.5 g - from 5 to 10 rubles;
- 20 pieces, 0.5 g - about 20 rubles.
The cost of Aspirin depends on the manufacturer and the number of tablets in the package.
Drug interactions
How does the drug interact with other drugs:
- When using acetylsalicylic acid with Methotrexate, the toxicity of the latter increases.
- If the medication is combined with coagulants, the patient's blood clotting worsens.
- The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs together with acetylsalicylic acid increases the likelihood of gastric bleeding. For the same reason, it is prohibited to drink alcohol during treatment with medication.
- Use of Ibuprofen simultaneously with acetylsalicylic acid leads to a decrease in the cardioprotective properties of the first drug.
- When using the medication together with diuretics, the patient's production of prostaglandins decreases.
- Acetylsalicylic acid has a hypoglycemic effect and should not be used together with other drugs intended for the treatment of diabetics.
Manufacturer
ASA is produced in different countries: Germany, Switzerland, Poland, the USA, etc. In Russia, the following pharmaceutical companies produce Aspirin:
- "Uralbiopharm".
- "Medisorb".
- Pharmstandard.
- "Ozone Pharmaceuticals".
- Irbitsky Chemical Plant.
- "Dalkhimfarm".
- Borisov plant.
In Russia, Aspirin is produced by pharmaceutical companies.
Composition and action
The medicinal composition is obtained from salicylic acid and acetic emulsion (anhydride). Through chemical reactions, a powder is released, which is white needle-shaped crystals. This easy drug:
- has a slightly sour taste;
- slightly soluble in cold water;
- soluble in hot water;
- easily dissolves in alcohol.
The tablets contain the active substance (ASA), as well as auxiliary components:
- starch - binder;
- talc is a source of magnesium and silicon;
- citric acid - stimulates the secretion of gastric juice;
- stearic acid - preservative;
- Silicon dioxide is an enterosorbent that removes toxic substances from the body.
The tablets contain starch.
